Hadzabe Tribe ; Ubwoko buherereye Tanzania ahegereye Ikiyaga Cya Eyasi hafi y' ikibabaya cya Yaeda mu Karera ka Karatu Muri Rejiyo ya Arusha.Imyaka myinshi bahoze muntambara akenshi bahanganye nabamasayi,abangaba ubuzima bwabo bwiganjemo guhiga gusoroma imbuto ,ubuvumvu,ishuri,interneti n'ubuhinzi ntibabikozwa.
Muri ubu bwoko (Hadzabe Tribe) 70% Byabo batunzwe nubuhigi,Dore ko no mukinyejana cya 19 ubwo Abakoroni b'abanyaburayi bageraga muri Tanzania bagerageje kubigisha ubuhinzi biba ibyubusa.Ubu bwoko bwakunze kurangwa no guhora mu ntambara z'urudaca Aho Bakomeye k'umuco wabasekuruza wabo ku rurimi rwamayobera(Hadza Language),ndetse no kurwanira ubutaka batuyeho birinda ko bwanyagwa nabohanze,ibyo Bikaba Bimwe mubyatumye benshi muribyo baba indwanyi n'abahigi bazobereye amashyamba yinzitane mu gukoresha ibikiresho gakondo.
Ubutaka bwabo (Hadzabe land ) ni ubutaka batuyeho buri mushyamba busaga 2,500–4,000 /km² nubwo uko bungana ubu atariko bwahoze kuko hari n'uduce twahariwe ubukerarigendo ,aba Hadzabe batura mubyo twagereranya nk'midugudu ,mumudugudu umwe uba uri hagati ya abantu 20 na 30 ,batunzwe akenshi n'ubuki ,imbuto ninyama za buri munsi Kimwe mubitangaje ni ururimo rwabo(Hadza language ) ,Dore ko uri ururimi ruri muzikomeye ku isi Bitewe nibyo twagereranya n'abahorwne arurimo (Click Consonant),kuburyo byakugora kubyandika no Kubyiga.Ubushakashatsi bwa UNESCO bwakozwe mubihe bitandukanye Bwanaherekejwe na raporo yo Muri Gicurasi 5 2025 yagaragaje ko uru rurimi nta narumwe bifitanye isano,Kuko usanga amagambo yuru rurimi aribo bayaziranyeho cyane.
Nubwo Bize zimwe mundimi nk'igiswahili, Icyongereza ,Isanzu language,Sukuma language,nkimwe mu Ngamba yo kuvugana na mukerarugendo babagana no kumenya amakuru y'ahandi,nicyo babavugaho Bikaba byabafasha mu bwirinzi bwabo.
Ubu bwoko bufite ibisekuruza bigera muri bine Ari nabyo buha agaciro Kandi bemerako bakomotseho mu myaka yahakera ,
Icyambere ni ikitwa "Akakaanebee" Cyabayeho mugihe benewabo bari bataramenya gukoresha Bimwe mubikoresho byakoreshwaga n'andi Moko nk'amabuye ,umuriro nibindi icyo gihe nta mazu babagamo babaga munsi yibiti Kandi bakarya Inyama mbisi .Dore ko nubu nko mugihe cy'impeshyi usanga biryaniye munsi yibiti.
Igisekuru cya Kabiri Ni Ikiswe "xhaaxhaanebee" Cyabayeho mugihe abo muri ubu bwoko bagezemo bamenyag umuriro ,nyuma Yuko bamenyeko Inyama ziryohaho kurusha zokeje,Banatangiye kubana n'imbwa muguhiga,Kuvumbura imiti yibyatsi mukwivura ibikomere nizindi ndwara.
"Hamakwanebee" igisekuru cya gatatu kibanziriza icyanyuma iki ni igihe ubu bwoko bwatangiye kumenya ibikiresho nk'amacumu,inkono nibindi,Ikigihe banavumbuye umukino wabafashaga kwidagadura witwa "Lukuchu" no gukorana UBUCURUZI n'andi Moko,Nko kugura n'abamasayi n'ibindi.
Igisekuru cya Kane ni "Hamayishonebee"
aba bafatwa nk'abasirimu b'ubu bwoko ababo Baziko kwambara Ari ingenzi,ninabo barimo abatangiye kwiga icyongereza ,igiswahili nizindi ndimi,Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubu bwoko ntaho buhuriye n'abasangwa butaka kuko ntanakimwe kibigaragaza.Uru rurimi rwabo ruri muzikomeye ku isi kubera inyajwi zizwi nka kiriko (Click Consonant )Zigoye kuzisoma,Bikanongeraho kuba aba Hadza ntaho bahuriye n'andi Moko nka Sandawe ubwoko buri mukirometero 150 uvuye Aho aba hadzabe batuye.
Umwe mubamenyekanye Cyane muri ubu bwoko ni "Chabaa" Yamenyekanye mu buryo butunguranye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, cyane cyane kuri YouTube na TikTok, binyuze mu mashusho amugaragaza agerageza ubuzima bwo mu mijyi, butandukanye n’ubuzima asanzwe abamo mu muco gakondo w’Abahadzabe.
Yatangiye kwamamara ubwo abakora ibiganiro n’amashusho yo kuri interineti batangiraga gusakaza amashusho amugaragaza mu buzima bwo hanze y’aho asanzwe atuye. Amwe muri ayo mashusho afite imitwe nka “Taking Chaba to Town for the First Time” (Gutembereza Chaba mu mujyi ku nshuro ya mbere), “Chaba Tries Pizza” (Chaba agerageza kurya pizza) cyangwa “Chaba in the City” (Chaba mu mujyi).Muri Aya mashusho Agerageza ibiribwa byo muri iki gihe: Nka soda, burger na pizza.
Asura amaduka manini: Aho abona ibicuruzwa bitandukanye n’ibyo asanzwe akoresha.
Agenda mu modoka: Akabona uburyo abantu bo mu mijyi bakoresha mu ngendo.ndetse Akora ku ikoranabuhanga: Nka telefoni n’ibyuma byerekana amashusho (televiziyo).
Akoresha ururimi rw’Abahadzabe, ari rwo Hadza, rimwe na rimwe hakongerwaho ibisobanuro mu nyandiko, cyangwa agashyikirana n’abandi mu Giswahili cyoroheje.
Uko Chaba yitwara, uko agaragaza amarangamutima n'uko yakira ibintu bishya bituma abantu benshi bamukunda kandi bagakomeza gukurikirana amashusho ye.
Abamukurikira bamwe bashimishwa n'uburyo agaragaza ibitekerezo bye mu buryo busanzwe, butarimo kwigana abandi. Bamwe babona ko amashusho ye atuma abantu barushaho kumenya umuco w'Abahadzabe, umuco ukomeje guhura n'impinduka zituruka ku kwaguka kw'imijyi n'ubundi buzima bwo muri iki gihe.
Gusa hari ubushakashatsi butemejwe buvugako ubu bwoko bufitanye isano yakure cyane n'ubwoko bw'"Abantu" basakaye muri East Africa ,"Omotic" baba mumajyepfoby'uburengerazuba bw'Ethiopia ,ndetse n' Aba "Khoisan" bakomoka mu ihembe ry'africa.Bivugwako ayo Moko yaba yaraje gutura mubaHadzabe Hakaba hari udusano two kuba Barabyaranye.
Gushakana hagati ya Hadzabe trime nibyo byiganje ,kuruta kujya muyandi Moko,Mu myaka ya 1910 Nibwo Aba Hadzabe batangiye kurwana nabashakaga kunyaga abashakaga kwigabiza ubutaka,no gutara Abaturage bakabagira abacakara.Urugero rw'ubwoko barwanye cyane Ni ubwoko bw'abamasayi,ki gihe ninabwo bashyamiranaga nandi Moko kuko nta nyamaswa bagarukiragaho muguhiga ,Bikabangamira ubworozi bw'inka bw'abamasayi .Uru rwango rwamaze igihe kuko amoko menshi ntuyiyumvagamo aba Hadzabe kuko nta nyamaswa bagarukiraho,Kandi bakanashinjwa Kwangiza.
Amakimbirane nyuma ya 1912 Abamasayi na abaHadzabe Bagerageje kwiyunga nubwo hataburaga kidobya .Mu gihe cy'ubukoroni abongereza banditse byinshi kuri ubu bwoko ,ibyinshi mubyanditswe bigaragaza imibereho nanubu ikiriho .
Abongereza mu wa 1940 Bagerageje Kwigisha Aba Hadzabe Ibijyanye n'ubihinzi,Ubukristo,Biba ibyubusa.Mu bijyanye n'imyemerere nta Kimwe bizera ,Bizerako iyo umuntu apfuye asanga "Ishoko" (The Sun) Bavugako mugihe umuntu ahiga aribwo aba akeneye gusenga Ishoko "Izuba" kugihe cya mangwa bahiga,naho nijoro basenga Ikizwi nka "Haine" ukwezi .
Abagize ubu bwoko Kandi bakora icyitwa nka "Mayitoko "igikorwa kigereranwa no gusiramurwa,umuhango utumirwamo abagabo bose batarakebwa .Mu miryango Kandi Habamo ibyitwa nka "Epeme" Aho kugirango ujyemo ugomba kuba ufite imyaka 22 ,Ninabwo uba wemerewe gukora imibinano mpuzabitsina,Aba"Epeme" Kandi usanga hari Inyama bitewe n'umuhigo ukaze wafashe nko gufata ikurura,intare ,gasumbashyamba ntamuntu wundi uba ucyemerewe kuyirya usinye nyiri muhigo.
Ubu ngubu Aha Hadzabe Biganjyemo ubukerarugendo,ndetse hari nuduce twagurishijwe na leta ya Tanzania ku mpamvu z'ubukerarugendo nubwo hakunze kugaragara udukoko nk'isazi ya Tsetse,Leta ya Tanzania Hari imiryango imwe nimweyimuye muduce yagurishije mu bukerarugendo.Nubwo hari ubwo Tanzania yatangaje ko igiye kubimura kuko ngo basigajwe inyuma n'amateka maze bakora Imyigaragambyo nyuma batangaza ko bagiye kubanza kubaganiriza.
Isi yose yibaza kuri ubu bwoko ,bitewe nibiganiro na dokimanteri,ubushakashatsi bukorwaho,Bivugwako Kandi ko niyo ubu bwoko bwavanywa aha cyangwa bukahaguma buzakomeza kuba Bumwe mubwoko bwahambaye Kandi bukanakomera kumuco mu Burengerazuba bwa Africa.
Ibyifuzo by’abasomyi
