Muri iyi minsi kubera ihinduka ry’ikirere ari abakuru ndetse n’abato bari kurwara ibicurane. Ibicurane ni indwara yandura, yibasira imyanya y’ubuhumekero; mu mazuru, umuhogo no mu bihaha, iterwa na virus yitwa myxovirus influenza cyangwa influenzavirus, yandurira mu mwuka igihe uyirwaye yitsamuye, avuze, cyangwa mu matembabuzi nk’amacandwe. Virusi ya influenza bitewe n’igihe cy’umwaka igenda ihindagurika.
Indwara y’ibicurane ikunda kwiganza mu gihe cy’ivumbi cyangwa imvura cyane, yibasira cyane abantu badafite ubudahangarwa bukomeye, abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5, abagore batwite, abakuze cyane, abarwaye indwara zigabanya ubudahangarwa nk’asima, umutima, impyiko na diyabete ndetse n’ababyibushye birenze urugero; barengeje BMI ya 40, cyangwa bafite ibindi bibazo bigabanya ubudahangarwa.
Niki gitera ibicurane? Virusi zitera ibicurane zikwirakwira binyuze mu mwuka cyangwa umuyaga, uyirwaye ayanduza binyuze mu kuvuga, gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura. Ushobora guhura n’izo virusi ako kanya cyangwa zikaba zanyura mu kindi kintu uyirwaye yakozeho nka telephone cyangwa ikindi gikoresho hanyuma ukikora mu mazuru, mu maso cyangwa mu kanwa.
Ufite iyi virusi ashobora kuyanduza kabone nubwo ibimenyetso byaba bitaragaragara kuri we, kugeza ku minsi 5 nyuma yuko ibimenyetso bibonetse. Bitewe n’umuntu hari n’abashobora kwanduza nyuma y’iminsi 10 ibimenyetso bigaragaye.
Ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara bikunda kuboneka mu gihe gito umuntu akimara kwandura. Bimwe mu bimenyetso bigaragara cyane harimo umuriro uri hejuru akenshi urenga degree 39 cyangwa 40, kumva umerewe nabi mu mubiri no gucika intege, kubabara umutwe, inkorora itazana igikororwa no kokera mu muhogo. Abantu benshi barwaye iyi ndwara barakira nyuma y’icyumweru 1 cyangwa 2 bidasabye imiti. Ku bantu bakuze cyane, abato cyangwa ababura ubudahangarwa bukomeye hari igihe hashobora kuririraho izindi ndwara zikomeye nk’umusonga bikaba byakurura urupfu.
Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’ibicurane. Imyaka ni kimwe muri byo kuko ibicurane biza bitewe n’igihe cy’umwaka byibasira cyane abana bato n’abakuze cyane. Abantu bakunze kuba ahantu haba abantu benshi nabo bakunda kwibasirwa n’ibi bicurane. Ubudahangarwa bworoshye ku bantu barwaye kanseri, SIDA, cyangwa bari ku miti yindi y’indwara zikomeye nabo bakunda kwibasirwa. Hari kandi indwara zikomeye nka asima, diyabete n’indwara z’umutima. Abagore batwite cyane cyane abageze mu gihembwe cya 2 n’icya 3 bari mu bibasirwa cyane, kimwe n’abantu bafite BMI ya 40 no hejuru.
Mu gihe urwaye ibicurane, hari ibyo wakora byagufasha guhangana n’iyi ndwara. Ushobora kunywa amazi n’ibindi bisukika byinshi nk’icyayi, imitobe, igikoma n’ibindi, aho wibanda ku bintu bishyushye cyane mu rwego rwo kurwanya umwuma mu mubiri. Kuruhuka neza kandi bihagije bifasha ubudahangarwa bwawe kugira imbaraga zo kurwanya izi virusi. Ushobora kandi gufata imiti yoroshya ibimenyetso.
Mu gihe wumva ufite umuriro cyangwa warwaye umutwe ushobora gukoresha paracetamol, ibuprofen cyangwa aspirin, gusa ku bana bato n’abakiri urubyiruko ntibagomba gufata aspirin. Ushobora no kwifashisha imiti irwanya ubwivumbure bw’umubiri, myinshi ikaba iba ari uruvange rw’imiti izimya umuriro hamwe n’iyivura ubwo bwivumbure. Ikunze kuboneka ni nka Coldcap, Doliprex, Febrilex, Dacold, Fervex, Paidoterin, Flucoldex hamwe n’indi inyuranye ikaba habaho iy’abakuru n’abato.
Hari uburyo ushobora kurwanya no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’ibicurane. Gukaraba intoki ni uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ikwirakwira ry’indwara nyinshi zitandukanye, ushobora gukoresha amazi n’isabune cyangwa ugakoresha imiti yabugenewe yo kogesha intoki iboneka muri za farumasi hirya no hino.
Ugomba gupfuka ku mazuru mu gihe witsamura no ku munwa mu gihe ukorora. Ibi bifasha abandi mu gihe urwaye, bikurinda gukwirakwiza virusi zanduza ibicurane. Irinde kujya mu ruhame ahari abantu benshi. Mu gihe indwara y’ibicurane yiganje cyane, bikwirakwira byoroshye ahantu hose hari abantu benshi nko ku mashuri, mu bigo bitandukanye cyangwa ibiro no mu modoka rusange. Mu gihe urwaye, gerageza byibuze kuguma mu rugo umunsi 1 kugira ngo ugabanye kuba wakwanduza abandi.
Ibyifuzo by’abasomyi
