umunsi .comUbusanzwe nubwo habaho amatsinda anyuranye y’amaraso, ariko azwi cyane ni itsinda ryitwa ABO hamwe n’irya Rhesus. Aya matsinda akaba agendana cyane mu bijyanye no gutanga amaraso.
Iyo bigeze mu kubyara naho havugwa cyane ku bijyanye na Rhesus aho umugore ufite Rhesus – iyo asamye umwana wa Rhesus + bisaba gukurikiranwa no kugira imiti ahabwa irinda ko iyo na yavamo cyangwa ko uwo mwana yazavukana ikibazo mu maraso ye. Aha ntabwo biba bireba itsinda rya ABO kandi hano inda iba yagiyemo.
Kudahuza ubwoko bw’amaraso byatuma mutabyarana?
Hari ibindi bidakunze kuvugwaho cyane noneho aho mubana ntihazabeho gutera no guterwa inda, nyamara wenda mwatandukana buri wese aho agiye akabyara cyangwa se ugasanga mubyaye nyuma y’imyaka myinshi.
Aha rero kuba mudahuje amaraso yo mu itsinda ABO ni kimwe mu by’ingenzi bishobora kubigiramo uruhare, dore ko ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko kudahuza amaraso biri ku gipimo cya 87% mu bitera abagabo n’abagore bafite intanga nzima kuba batabyarana.
Amaraso adahuye bivuze iki?
Mu itsinda rya ABO havugwa ko abantu bafite amaraso adahuye iyo hagati yabo ntawe ushobora guha undi amaraso; ni ukuvuga umwe atakakira ay’undi.Nkuko iyi mbonerahamwe ibigaragaza, ufite amaraso ya A yakakira amaraso aturutse kuri A no kuri O gusa
Ufite amaraso ya B yakakira atrutse kuri B na O
Ufite AB yakakira amaraso aturutse aho ariho hose
Naho ufite O yakakira aya O gusa
Ibi birahita bigaragaza ko amaraso ya A na B adahuye hagati yayo kuko uwa A atahana n’uwa B. Naho uwa O nta yandi bahuza mu guhabwa kuko ahabwa na mugenzi we gusa nubwo atanga hose. Uwa AB nta we bahuza mu gutanga kuko aha uwo bahuje gusa nubwo yakira yose.
Ibi bihurira he no gutwita?
Muri kwa kudahuza bivuze ko buri bwoko bw’amaraso bwigiramo ibirwanya ibyinjiye muri yo bije kwangiza umubiri bizwi nka antigens. Iyo hagize icyinjira kidakenewe za antigens zikora ibyitwa antibodies mu cyongereza bishinzwe kurwanya icyo cyakangiza. Gishobora kuba bagiteri, virusi, indiririzi, bikaba byanaba intangangabo cyangwa se urusoro rugisamwa.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuva mu myaka isaga 40 ishize bugaragaza ko buri ntanga iba ifite ubwoko bw’amaraso runaka mu gihe umugabo ari uruvange (AO, AB, BO) ni ukuvuga ngo ikaba A, B, AB, cyangwa se O. Iyo rero umugore afite amaraso ya O, mu rurenda rwe hashobora gukorwa antibodies ziza kurwanya ya ntanga yinjiye mu gihe itari nayo muri O kuko O yakira O gusa. Aha rero nta gusama bizabaho, nibinabaho inda ishobora kuvamo ikiri ntoya cyane. Niho rero muzabana mubure ubyaro nyamara nibabapima basange mwese muri bazima.
Aha ni ukuvuga ngo umugore ufite amaraso ya O umugabo akaba afite A, B cyangwa AB nibo bashobora guhura n’iki kibazo cyangwa se mu gihe umugore afite A umugabo ari B cyangwa umugore B umugabo ari A.
Dusoza
Ntuhite ufata umwanzuro w’uko umuntu mudahuje amaraso mutashyingiranwa, gusa niba mwarabanye mudahuje mukabura urubyaro naho mwasaba abaganga bakareba niba bidafitanye isano. Kuko ntabwo ari ihame ko buri gihe mu rurenda hakorwa za antibodies zizarwanya za ntanga zinjiye, gusa bishobora kubaho.
Nubwo bitaremezwa mu buryo bwa gihanga ariko inzobere mu mirire D’Adamo avuga ko hari amafunguro aba atemerewe abantu bigendanye n’ubwoko bw’amaraso yabo, kuyarya bikaba bimwe mu bitera kwiyongera kwa za antibodies zirwanya akantu kose gashobora kuza kadahuje n’amaraso yawe. Tuzashaka umwanya wo kubivugaho birambuye.
