BONHEUR YvesNkuko ikinyamakuru SpaceHubs Africa kibitangaza guhera ku ya 19 Kanama 2024, ni ibihugu 17 by’Afurika byonyine byohereje satelite . Umubare wa satelite zose zoherejwe n’ibi bihugu ni 61, aho Afurika yepfo yohereje icyogajuru cya mbere mu 1998.
Ubu Senegali nicyo gihugu cya Afurika giheruka kohereza icyogajuru mu isanzure kitwa Gaindesat, Kubufatanaye bw’ingabo zirwanira mu kirere za Amerika ‘Vandenberg’ muri Californiya, ndetse na SpaceX.
Perezida Bassirou Diomaye Faye abinyujije ku urubuga rwe rwa Twitter yahindutse X ati: ‘ Nyuma yimyaka itanu dukora cyane naba injeniyeri bacu nabatekinisiye, intego nyamukuru tuyigezeho, bigaragaza intambwe igana ku busugire bw’ikoranabuhanga. Nifuzaga gushimira abantu bose batumye uyu mushinga ushoboka.’
Gaindesat yateguwe kandi yubatswe naba injeniyeri bo muri Senegal ku bufatanye n’ikigo cy’ikirere cya kaminuza ya Montpelier (CSUM). Biteganijwe ko hazakusanywa amakuru ku bigo bitandukanye bya Leta birimo ibishinzwe imicungire y’amazi n’igenamigambi (DGPRE) hamwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe indege za gisivili n’ubumenyi bw’ikirere (ANACIM).
Si Senegal gusa kuko hari ibindi bihungu bya Africa byayibumburiye harimo:
Ghana
Ghana yohereje icyogajuru cyayo cya mbere cyiswe GhanaSat1 mu 2017. Yakozwe n’abanyeshuri ba kaminuza bafashe imyaka 2 yo gushushanya, guteranya no bifashisha inzobere zitandukanye zo mu b’Ubuyapani.
Inshingano nyamukuru ya GhanaSat1 ni ugukora ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka ziterwa n’imirasire y’ikirere igihe yangiritse.
Nigeria
Nigeriya yohereje satelite 2 mu 2011 kugira ngo icungire umutekano ikirere cyayo. Icyogajuru cya NigeriyaSat-2 na NijeriyaSat-X cyoherejwe mu cyerekezo cya roketi yo mu Burusiya Dnepr ahegereye i Yasny, mu majyepfo y’Uburusiya.
Algeria
Yohereje satelite esheshatu: Alsat-1, -1B, -1N, -2A, -2B | Alcomsat-1
Hari hashize imyaka itandatu itangije gahunda yayo ya mbere y’itumanaho muri Orbit ku bufatanye n’Ubushinwa. Icyogajuru cya AlcomSat-1 cyajyanywe mu ruzinduko na roketi yo mu Bushinwa Long March 3B yavuye mu kigo cyohereza ibyogajuru cya Xichang mu Ntara ya Sichuan.
Icyogajuru cya Alcomsat-1 gikoreshwa na Argeria mu gutangaza amakuru kuma televiziyo, itumanaho ryihutirwa, itumanaho ry’ibigo, kwigisha ubushakashatsi ndetse nibindi bitandukanye.
Egypt
Ifite Satelite 13 muri orbit: MisiriSat-1, -2, -A | HORUS-1 -2 | NARSScube-1, -2 | NEXSAT-1 | Nilesat 101, 102, 201, 301 | TIBA 1).
EgyptSat 1 nicyogajuru cya mbere cya Egypt cyumvikanisha amajwi ya kure, cyubatswe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cya Misiri gishinzwe kurebera hamwe n’ubumenyi bw’ikirere ndetse n’ibiro bishinzwe ibishushanyo mbonera bya Yuzhnoye muri Ukraine.
Maroc
Biravugwa ko Maroc yasinyanye amasezerano na Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) yo kugura ibyogajuru 2, mu masezerano afite agaciro ka miliyari imwe. Ibyogajuru bibiri bishya bizasimbura ibyogajuru bihari Mohammed VI-A na Mohammed VI-B, byakozwe na Defence Airbus na Space France na Thales Alenia Space France. Muri rusange, Maroc ifite satelite eshatu mu kirere: Mohammed VI-A, -B | Maroc-Tubsat
Sudan
Sudani yohereje icyogajuru cyayo cya mbere kandi cyonyine, icyogajuru cya Sudan Remote Sensing Satellite (SRSS) -1, mu mwaka wa 2019 cyazamukiye mukigo cyo mu Bushinwa Long March 4B hifashishijwe ikigo cyohereza ibyogajuru cya Taiwan mu majyaruguru y’Ubushinwa mu Ntara ya Shanxi.
Icyo cyogajuru cyakozwe kandi cyubatswe n’uruganda rukora ibyogajuru rw’Ubushinwa Shenzhen Aerospace Oriental Red Sea Satellite Co mu izina rya guverinoma ya Sudan. Irakoreshwa mubutumwa bwumutekano w’igihugu.
Tunisia
Icyogajuru cyonyine cyo muri Tunisia Challenge ONE cyoherejwe mu 2021 kiva mu birindiro bya Baikonur giherereye mu majyepfo ya kazakistani mu bwato bwa roketi yo mu Burusiya Soyuz-2.1a.
Icyogajuru cyateguwe kandi cyubatswe n’Abanyatuniziya, gifasha itumanaho no guhanahana amakuru anjyanye n’ubwikorezi, ubuhinzi, ibikoresho ndetse nibindi.
Djibout
DJIBOUTI-1A nicyogajuru cya mbere kandi cyonyine cya Djibout cyoherejwe gukusanya amakuru ajyanye niteganya gihe, imvura na limnimetric ikwirakwizwa ku butaka bwa Djibout.
Ethiopia
Ethiopia yohereje satelite ebyiri: ET-RSS1, ET-SMART-RSS. Icyogajuru cya mbere cya Etiyopiya, ET-RSS1, cyazamutse mu kirere kiva mu Bushinwa mu 2019.
Kenya
Satelite eshatu zoherejwe na Kenya: 1KUNS-PF, IKUNS-3, Taifa1. Icyogajuru cyacyo cya mbere Taifa-1, cyoherejwe mu 2023 cyateguwe kandi gikozwe n’abashakashatsi bo muri Kenya kugira ngo batange amakuru y’ubuhinzi no gukurikirana ibidukikije.
Uganda
Ifite icyogajuru kimwe mu kirere – PEARLSAT-1, cyoherejwe mu 2022 ni umushinga uhuriweho na Uganda n’Ubuyapani, icyogajuru gitanga amakuru yo gukurikirana ubuhinzi; igenamigambi ry’ibikorwa remezo; umutekano ku mipaka no gukumira ibiza; iteganyagihe ndetse nibindi.
Afurika y’Epfo
Afurika y’Epfo yohereje satelite 13 mu kirere harimo icyogajuru cyayo cya mbere kinini mu 2017. Iki gihugu cyohereje icyogajuru cyacyo cya mbere mu 1998.
Izi ni satelite zose zoherejwe mu kirere na Africa yepfo: Intelsat NewDawn | Kondor-E | MDASAT -1a, -1b, -1c | nSIGHT-1 | SUMBANDILA | SUNSAT-1 | Ihuriro-2 | XinaBox ThinSAT | ZA-AeroSat | ZACUBE-1, -2.
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe yashyize ahagaragara icyogajuru cyayo ZimSat-1 , mu 2022 kugira ngo cyohereze amakuru yingenzi kuri ku kigo gikuru cya Mazowe. Icyogajuru cyafashije mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi nindi mishanga itandukanye.
Angola
AngoSat-1, -2 ni satelite ya Angola . Muri 2017, iki gihugu cyashyize ahagaragara icyogajuru cyacyo cya mbere. Icyogajuru cy’itumanaho AngoSat-1 cyubatswe ku bufatanye n’Uburusiya mu rwego rwo gufasha mu kunoza serivisi z’itumanaho, telemedisine n’indi mishinga.
Maurice
Icyogajuru cya mbere cya Maurice, MIR-SAT 1, cyoherejwe mu kirere mu 2021 cyikaba gitanga amakuru atandukanye hakubiyemo nayu umutekano
Rwanda
Muri 2019, roketi H2-B yari itwaye icyogajuru cya mbere cy’u Rwanda, RWASAT-1, yoherejwe mu kigo cy’ikirere na Tanegashima cyikaba ikigo cy’Ubuyapani gishinzwe ibyogajuru n’ubushakashatsi (JAXA). Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi batatu bo mu Rwanda bakoze icyogajuru babifashijwemo n’abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Tokiyo. Kuri ubu u Rwanda rufite satelite ebyiri zoherejwemu kirere.
