Abantu 10 ba mbere bagize uruhare mu guhindura amateka y’Isi mu kinyejana cya 20

Hari abantu bagize uruhare mu bikorwa byahinduye amateka y’Isi mu kinyejana cya 20 haba mu byiza cyangwa mu bibi. Ni abantu bagiye baba urugero ku bandi, bakabashimisha, bakabahindura, ndetse abandi bagakurwaho amasomo.

Ni muri urwo rwego tugiye kubagezaho abantu 10 ba mbere mu kinyejana cya 20 bagize ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu guhindura amateka y’Isi haba mu byiza cyangwa mu bibi nk’uko tubikesha urubuga Wonderslist.

Ikinyejana cya 20 cyatangiye ku itariki ya 01 Mutarama 1901 kikarangira ku itariki 31 Ukuboza mu 2000 cyaranzwe n’ibikorwa bitandukanye byagize uruhare mu guhindura amateka y’Isi nk’intambara z’isi, kuvumburwa kw’ingufu za nuclear, kujya mu isanzure, gukunda igihugu bikabije, guca ubukoloni, intambara y’ubutita, ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, iterambere ryo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, kugabanya ubukene, iyangirika ry’ibidukikije, gucika kwa zimwe mu nyamanswa, n’ibindi.

Henry Ford

Henry Ford yari umunyenganda w’Umunyamerika washinze uruganda rw’imodoka, Ford Motor Company, ndetse akaba yaragize uruhare mu guteza imbere tekiniki zo gukora imodoka nyinshi . Ntiyari umuyobozi cyangwa umunyapolitiki, ariko yakoze imodoka yahinduye isura y’ibijyanye n’amamodoka mu Isi.

Mu 1999, mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Banyamerika, Henry Ford yabashije kubona uyu mwanya ku rutonde rwa Gallup rw’abantu b’ingenzi baranze ikinyejana cya 20 (Gallup’s List of Widely Admired People of the 20th Century).

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Muhammad Ali Jinnah yari umwe mu bantu b’ingenzi baranze amateka y’Ubuhinde na Pakistan bigifatanye. Yari umuyohozi ukomeye, umunyamategeko n’umunyapolitiki. Jinnah yabaye umuyobozi w’Ihuriro Abahinde bose b’Abayisilamu kuva mu 1913 kugeza ubwo Pakistan yabonaga ubwigenge kuwa 14 Kanama 1947, ndetse aba Guverineri mukuru wa mbere wa Pakistan kuva yabona ubwigenge kugeza apfuye.

Muri Pakistan bamwita Quaid-i-Azam bisobanuye Umuyobozi ukomeye, ndetse na Baba-i-Qaum bisobanuye, Umubyeyi w’igihugu (Baba wa Taifa).

Mao Zedong

Umuyobozi w’impinduramatwara ya gikomunisiti y’Abashinwa, umuhanga mu bya politiki, Mao Zedong, niwe washinze Repubulika y’Abaturage y’u Bushinwa mu 1949, aho yayoboye igihugu nka chairman w’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Abashinwa (CCP) kugeza apfuye.

Uyu mugabo wabashije kugira u Bushinwa igihugu kimwe, afatwa nk’umwe mu bantu b’ingenzi babayeho mu kinyejana cya 20.

The Wright Brothers

Aba nabo nta gushidikanya ni bamwe mu bantu baranze ikinyejana cya 20. Aba bavandimwe; Orville Wright (19 Kanama, 1871� — 30 Mutarama, 1948) na Wilbur Wright (16 Mata, 1867� — 30 Gicurasi, 1912) ni abavandimwe babiri b’Abanyamerika b’abahimbyi bagize uruhare mu kuvumbura indege.

Nyuma yo gutunga iduka rikora amagare yapfuye, gukora amagerageza no gushakisha mu bijyanye n’iterambere ry’iby’indege, gukorakora kwabo biga byinshi ku ndege kwatumye bakora indege ya mbere iremereye.

Mu mpera za 1904 binjira mu 1905 nibwo aba bashyize ahagaragara igisa nk’indege kiguruka. Nubwo Atari bob a mbere bari bagerageje igisa nko gukora indege, aba bavandimwe nibo ba mbere bakoze ibikoresho bigenzura indege uyitwaye yakoresha akabasha kuyigenzura byatumye indege ifite amababa ibasha kuguruka.

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler ni Umudage wavukiye muri Autrichia akaba n’umuyobozi w’ishyaka ry’Abanazi. Yabaye shansoriye (chancellor) w’u Budage kuva mu 1933 kugeza mu 1945 ndetse aba umunyagitugu mu Budage kuva mu 1934 kugeza mu 1945, yagize uruhare mu guteza intambara ya 2 y’Isi ndetse no gukorera jenoside Abayahudi.

Ni umwe mu bayobozi bavuzweho cyane mu kinyejana cya 20. Bivugwa ko yapfuye yiyahuye nyuma yo gutsindwa intambara y’Isi kuwa 30 Mata 1945.

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill ni umunyapolitiki w’Umwongereza, wamenyekanye cyane kubera uko yayoboye u Bwongereza mu Ntambara ya 2 y’Isi.

Ni umuyobozi wakoze akazi ke neza, wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe, umwanditsi watsindiye igihembo cya Nobel mu buvanganzo.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt yabaye perezida wa 32 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kuva mu 1933 kugeza mu 1945. Yagize uruhare mu mateka y’Isi mu kinyejana cya 20 ayobora Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu gihe Isi yari yugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’ubukungu n’intambara ikomeye.

Ni umwe mu bayoboye Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika wafashe umwanya mu rutonde rw’abaperezida beza iki gihugu cyagize waranzwe na demokarasi n’impinduramatwara.

Yatsinze ingamba 2 zikomeye atuma Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ziva mu kwiheba ashyiraho politiki z’iterambere.

Mahatma Gandhi

Ni umwe mu bantu baharaniye amahoro kurusha abandi ku isi wabayeho, akaba yari umunyapolitikiw’ingenzi mu mateka y’u Buhinde.

Abahinde bamwita Umubyeyi w’Igihugu (Baba wa taifa). Yagize uruhare mu guharanira ubwigenge bw’u Buhinde kugeza bubonetse mu 1947 agendera ku mahame yo kwanga gukoresha ubugizi bwa nabi.

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela wabaye perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo avuye muri gereza aho yari amaze imyaka 27 afungiye azira kurwanya ivanguramoko rya ba gashakabuhake muri Afurika y’Epfo, ni umwe mu bantu b’ingenzi baranze ikinyejana cya 20.

Niwe perezida wa mbere w’iki gihugu watowe mu matora yahuriyemo amoko yose yari atuye igihugu, ubuyobozi bwe bwibanda cyane mu kurandura umurage w’ivanguraruhu, ivanguramoko, ubukene no guharanira kureshya imbere y’amategeko. Umudari wa nobel wo guharanira Amahoro yahawe mu 1993 uri mu byatumye ajya kuri uru rutonde.

1. Albert Einstein

Albet Einstein wabayeho hagati y’1879 kugeza mu 1955 azwi nka Se w’ubugenge bugezweho (modern Physics). Ni umwe mu bateje imbere imitekerereze ya gihanga, ariko ngo icyatumye abantu barushaho kumukunda n’ukuntu yasetsaga.

Ngo nubwo yari umwe mu bantu b’abahanga mu kinyejana cya 20 yari umuntu wisanzurwaho, igice kimwe bitewe n’ukuntu atajyaga asokoza, akambara ibintu bitajyanye ndetse ntagire amasogisi.

Ubuzima bwe bwose, Einstein yahoraga agerageza kumva isi imukikije bituma muri urwo rwego avumbura ikiswe Theory of Relativity cyafunguye imiryango yo gukora bombe atomic. Yahawe igihembo cya Nobel ku ruhare rwe mu guteza imbere ubugenge mu 1921.